O básico:

apt-get install build-essential
apt-get install curl libssl-dev

Git:

apt-get install git git-core
git-gui gitk não estão disponíveis

Java runtime:

apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

Apache:

apt-get install apache2

MySql:

apt-get install mysql-server
mysql_secure_installation

PHP:

apt-get install php5 php5-common libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php-pear php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd

Phpmyadmin:

apt-get install phpmyadmin

Chrome

apt-get install chromium chromium-l10n

Fonte: wiki.debian.org/Chromium